百度API Key申请地址:
创建应用 如图:
提交后得到API Key 如图:
接口实例:?location=南昌output=jsonak=你的API Keymcode=你的数字签名SHA1;com.example.administrator.jsontest(包名)
接口参数说明
参数类型
参数名称
是否必须
具体描述
String location true 输入城市名或经纬度,城市名如北京或者131,经纬度格式为lng,lat坐标,如:location=116.305145,39.982368;全国值为all,返回省会城市自治区,港澳台天气情况多城市天气预报中间用“|”分隔,如:location=116.305145,39.982368|123.342323,36238945|...
String output false 输出的数据格式,默认为xml格式,当output设置为json时,输出的为json数据格式
String coord_type false 请求参数坐标类型,默认为gcj02经纬度坐标。允许的值为bd09ll、bd09mc、gcj02、wgs84;
返回的 *** ON数据
{
"error":0,
"status":"success",
"date":"2016-03-05",
"results":[
{
"currentCity":"北京",
"pm25":"144",
"index":[
{
"title":"穿衣",
"zs":"较冷",
"tipt":"穿衣指数",
"des":"建议着厚外套加毛衣等服装。年老体弱者宜着大衣、呢外套加羊毛衫。"},
{
"title":"洗车",
"zs":"不宜",
"tipt":"洗车指数",
"des":"不宜洗车,未来24小时内有扬沙或浮尘,如果在此期间洗车,极易很快蒙上新的灰尘。"},
{
"title":"旅游",
"zs":"一般",
"tipt":"旅游指数",
"des":"风稍大,扬沙或浮尘天气对能见度和空气质量都会有些影响,出行请注意交通安全和采取适当的防尘措施。"},
{
"title":"感冒",
"zs":"易发",
"tipt":"感冒指数",
"des":"昼夜温差大,风力较强,易发生感冒,请注意适当增减衣服,加强自我防护避免感冒。"},
{
"title":"运动",
"zs":"较不宜",
"tipt":"运动指数",
"des":"有扬沙或浮尘,建议适当停止户外运动,选择在室内进行运动,以避免吸入更多沙尘,有损健康。"},
{
"title":"紫外线强度",
"zs":"最弱",
"tipt":"紫外线强度指数",
"des":"属弱紫外线辐射天气,无需特别防护。若长期在户外,建议涂擦SPF在8-12之间的防晒护肤品。"}
],
"weather_data":[
{
"date":"周六 03月05日 (实时:12℃)", "dayPictureUrl":"",
"nightPictureUrl":"",
"weather":"浮尘转晴",
"wind":"北风4-5级",
"temperature":"12 ~ -1℃"},
{
"date":"周日",
"dayPictureUrl":"",
"nightPictureUrl":"",
"weather":"多云",
"wind":"微风",
"temperature":"10 ~ -3℃"},
{
"date":"周一", "dayPictureUrl":"",
"nightPictureUrl":"",
"weather":"多云转阴",
"wind":"微风",
"temperature":"13 ~ 2℃"},
{
"date":"周二", "dayPictureUrl":"",
"nightPictureUrl":"",
"weather":"阴转多云",
"wind":"北风3-4级",
"temperature":"6 ~ -1℃"}
]}]}
3. 我们来写个demo,代码如下:
package com.example.administrator.jsontest;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button button;
private TextView textView;
private Handler handler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case 0:
String re = (String) msg.obj;
textView.setText(re);
break;
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Log.i("TAG", "点击了Button");
sendRequestWithHttpClient();
}
});
}
private void sendRequestWithHttpClient() {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
try {
URL url = new URL("南昌output=jsonak=8ixCCFzlBB617YX7tONI2P5Bmcode=1C:6B:42:33:E8:A6:DC:A2:11:6E:26:EC:84:BD:42:E3:8E:6B:57:9A;com.example.administrator.jsontest");
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
connection.setReadTimeout(5000);
InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(line);
}
Log.i("TAG", response.toString()); parse *** ONObjectOr *** ONArray(response.toString());
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
}
//解析 *** ON数据
private void parse *** ONObjectOr *** ONArray(String jsonData) {
try {
String count = "";
*** ONObject jsonObject = new *** ONObject(jsonData);
*** ONArray jsonArray = jsonObject.get *** ONArray("results");
if (jsonArray.length() 0) {
*** ONObject object = jsonArray.get *** ONObject(0);
String city = object.optString("currentCity");
*** ONArray array = object.get *** ONArray("weather_data");
for (int i = 0; i array.length(); i++) {
*** ONObject jsonObject1 = array.get *** ONObject(i);
String dateDay = jsonObject1.optString("date");
String weather = jsonObject1.optString("weather");
String wind = jsonObject1.optString("wind");
String temperature = jsonObject1.optString("temperature");
count =count +"\n"+ dateDay + " " + weather + " " + wind + " " + temperature;
Log.i("AAA",count);
}
Message message = new Message();
message.what = 0;
message.obj = count;
handler.sendMessage(message);
}
} catch ( *** ONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
4. 运行结果如下:
一 天气预报
国内的天气预报数据,主要是国家气象局和国外两个来源(指数据来源)。
国外方面主要是雅虎(XML格式,谷歌已经停掉了自家的天气API);
国内数据由国家气象局提供( *** ON格式)。
在知乎看到过一篇专业人士评论,雅虎可以提供全球范围的且非常精细的天气数据(小时级更新),但主要是通过计算机自动生成。而国家气象局则是各地经验丰富的专家人士结合计算机综合分析得出,在准确性上更胜一筹。我就这样信了!
国家气象局接口资源及用法
气象局的天气预报主页:移动版普通版 ,仔细挖掘这两个地址可以发现很多好东西哦。
特点:接口多,来自和都有,次数不限制,服务稳定,功能全面,优先推荐。
1. 实时天气接口
有多个接口,好像差别不大:
实时天气1:
实时天气2:
实时天气3(带时间戳):
2. 一周天气预报接口
7天预报数据 URL:
该接口来源气象局移动版网站,目测数据最为精确,详细接口格式如下:
{"c":{"c1":"101010100","c2":"beijing","c3":"北京","c4":"beijing","c5":"北京","c6":"beijing","c7":"北京","c8":"china","c9":"中国","c10":"1","c11":"010","c12":"100000","c13":"116.391","c14":"39.904","c15":"33","c16":"AZ9010","c17":"+8"},
"f":{"f1":
[
{"fa":"01","fb":"03","fc":"10","fd":"5","fe":"0","ff":"0","fg":"0","fh":"0","fi":"06:21|17:40"},
{"fa":"07","fb":"07","fc":"19","fd":"12","fe":"0","ff":"0","fg":"0","fh":"0","fi":"06:22|17:38"},
{"fa":"02","fb":"00","fc":"15","fd":"5","fe":"8","ff":"8","fg":"3","fh":"1","fi":"06:23|17:37"},
{"fa":"00","fb":"00","fc":"16","fd":"4","fe":"0","ff":"0","fg":"0","fh":"0","fi":"06:24|17:35"},
{"fa":"00","fb":"00","fc":"18","fd":"7","fe":"0","ff":"0","fg":"0","fh":"0","fi":"06:25|17:34"},
{"fa":"00","fb":"01","fc":"18","fd":"8","fe":"0","ff":"0","fg":"0","fh":"0","fi":"06:26|17:32"},
{"fa":"01","fb":"01","fc":"16","fd":"6","fe":"0","ff":"0","fg":"0","fh":"0","fi":"06:27|17:31"}],
"f0":"201310121100"}}
详细接口分析如下:
//格式说明
var format={fa:图片1,fb:图片2,fc:温度1,fd:温度2,fe:风向1,ff:风向2,fg:风力1,fh:风力2,fi:日出日落};
//定义天气类型
var weatherArr={"00":"晴","01":"多云","02":"阴","03":"阵雨","04":"雷阵雨","05":"雷阵雨伴有冰雹","06":"雨夹雪","07":"小雨","08":"中雨","09":"大雨","10":"暴雨","11":"大暴雨","12":"特大暴雨","13":"阵雪","14":"小雪","15":"中雪","16":"大雪","17":"暴雪","18":"雾","19":"冻雨","20":"沙尘暴","21":"小到中雨","22":"中到大雨","23":"大到暴雨","24":"暴雨到大暴雨","25":"大暴雨到特大暴雨","26":"小到中雪","27":"中到大雪","28":"大到暴雪","29":"浮尘","30":"扬沙","31":"强沙尘暴","53":"霾","99":""};
//定义风向数组
var fxArr={"0":"无持续风向","1":"东北风","2":"东风","3":"东南风","4":"南风","5":"西南风","6":"西风","7":"西北风","8":"北风","9":"旋转风"};
//定义风力数组
var flArr={"0":"微风","1":"3-4级","2":"4-5级","3":"5-6级","4":"6-7级","5":"7-8级","6":"8-9级","7":"9-10级","8":"10-11级","9":"11-12级"};
6天预报数据 URL:
该接口来源 *** ,应该是一个流传比较久的接口,大发现准确性和稳定性可能不稳定。接口分析如下:
{"weatherinfo":{
#基本信息
"city":"北京","city_en":"beijing","date_y":"2013年9月24日","date":"","week":"星期二","fchh":"11","cityid":"101010100",
#6天温度范围
"temp1":"22℃~11℃","temp2":"25℃~11℃","temp3":"26℃~13℃","temp4":"25℃~15℃","temp5":"25℃~16℃","temp6":"24℃~16℃",
#6天温度范围(华氏)
"tempF1":"71.6℉~51.8℉","tempF2":"77℉~51.8℉","tempF3":"78.8℉~55.4℉","tempF4":"77℉~59℉","tempF5":"77℉~60.8℉","tempF6":"75.2℉~60.8℉",
#6天天气
"weather1":"多云转晴","weather2":"晴","weather3":"晴","weather4":"晴转多云","weather5":"阴转阵雨","weather6":"多云",
#6天天气图示(每天2张)
"img1":"1","img2":"0","img3":"0","img4":"99","img5":"0","img6":"99","img7":"0","img8":"1","img9":"2","img10":"3","img11":"1","img12":"99",
"img_single":"1",
#6天天气图示文字(每天2)
"img_title1":"多","img_title2":"晴","img_title3":"晴","img_title4":"晴","img_title5":"晴","img_title6":"晴","img_title7":"晴","img_title8":"多云","img_title9":"阴","img_title10":"阵雨","img_title11":"多云","img_title12":"多云",
"img_title_single":"多云",
#6天风
"wind1":"北风3-4级转微风","wind2":"微风","wind3":"微风","wind4":"微风","wind5":"微风","wind6":"微风",
"fx1":"北风","fx2":"微风",
#6天风力情况
"fl1":"3-4级转小于3级","fl2":"小于3级","fl3":"小于3级","fl4":"小于3级","fl5":"小于3级","fl6":"小于3级",
#24小时内
"index":"较冷","index_d":"建议着大衣、呢外套加毛衣、卫衣等服装。体弱者宜着厚外套、厚毛衣。因昼夜温差较大,注意增减衣服。",
#48小时内
"index48":"较舒适","index48_d":"建议着薄外套或牛仔衫裤等服装。年老体弱者宜着夹克衫、薄毛衣等。昼夜温差较大,注意适当增减衣服。",
#紫外 洗车 旅游 舒适指数 晨练 晾晒 过敏
"index_uv":"弱",
"index48_uv":"强",
"index_xc":"适宜",
"index_tr":"适宜",
"index_co":"舒",
"st1":"21","st2":"12","st3":"24","st4":"12","st5":"25","st6":"14", #不明
"index_cl":"较适宜",
"index_ls":"适宜",
"index_ag":"极易发"
}}
可以使用第三方http库,调用天气预报网站的相关api来获取数据
当然如果你对http熟悉的话,也可以用socket自己实现
API就是接口的意思,API也可以单纯的理解为函数。
不管哪种语言调用接口都需要引入相应的包,比如C或C++中调用Windows的接口
需要include "windows.h"的头文件,才可以调用系统的接口
如果第三方或是自已提供的接口,则同样包含头文件是首先要做的工作。换种理解,因为接口的定义就包含在这些头文件中,如果不引入将提示未定义的函数。
接着下一步进行调用,API成千上万个,有目的的使用接口是关键,这些接口在头文件中都有相应的名称,比如system函数
如果你调用第三方的接口,比如天气预报,同样会有一个头文件,里面有大量的接口,看官方文档说明进行调用,而那些函数名称也都是第三方起的,随便举个例子可能叫get_weather_report(location)
调用API接口其实只是一个概念,在开发中无数次要重复的一个小小的过程。
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